A set of rankings used to measure the performance of banking or financial institutions in particular areas of investment. They measure both the quantity and value of financial deals such as debt and equity issuance, merger and acquisition participation, municipal bond sales and private equity inflows. The criterion used in determining these rankings is based upon a standardized set of measurements, so that institutions are compared fairly. These rankings are used by firms for bragging rights and in acquiring new business. They are also important in attracting top talent to the companies.